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Days ago，Beijing Agricultural College、Professor Zhang Deqiang’s team of Beijing Forestry University published in top international journals The Plant Cell Published online titled "Natural variation in the prolyl 4-hydroxylase genePtoP4H9 contributes to stem perennial growth in Populus”’s research paper。This study explores important functional genes that regulate the perennial dynamic growth of Populus tomentosa by introducing the time dimension as a phenotypePtoP4H9，Reveals the molecular biological mechanism by which this gene promotes the longitudinal growth of tree trunks by regulating chemical modifications of cell walls。This research result not only fills the technical gap in the unclear genetic regulation mechanism of perennial dynamic growth of trees at home and abroad，It will also provide genetic improvements for wood yield and quality、Provide key theoretical guidance and technical support for stuck problems such as precision breeding，has important scientific and social value。

Team researchers used 303 individuals from the Populus tomentosa germplasm resource population as materials，Phenotyping of its trunk for 8 consecutive bet365 online sports betting liveyears，And accurately capture typical characteristics such as perennial growth rate by fitting the growth trajectory model。Then use of genome-wide association analysis strategies and spatiotemporal expression data，Locating a key gene controlling the DBH trait of Populus tomentosaPtoP4H9(prolyl 4-hydroxylase 9，Proline 4-hydroxylase)。Discovered by comprehensive sequence analysis，Haplotype formed by mutation of this gene sequencePtoP4H9^hap2GA-rich motif exists in the promoter region，It is the binding site for the transcription factor PtoBPC1；AndPtoP4H9^hap1The promoter region lacks this sequence feature。Showed by tissue-specific quantitative expression analysis of different individuals of Populus tomentosa germplasm resource population，PtoP4H9^hap1In cambial tissue thanPtoP4H9^hap2has higher expression。Molecular interaction experiments such as EMSA and surface plasmon resonance confirmed the relationship between the transcription factor PtoBPC1 andPtoP4H9^hap2is significantly higher thanPtoP4H9^hap1(Figure 1), showPtoP4H9Natural variation in promoters affects the binding efficiency of its upstream transcription factors，And then changedPtoP4H9.

Picture 1PtoP4H9The natural variation of genes is significantly related to the diameter at breast height of Populus tomentosa

Subsequently, based onPtoP4H9Genetic RNAi and overexpression of poplar genetic transformation、MALDI flight mass spectrometry and atomic force microscopy analysis (AFM), etc.，revealedPtoP4H9Changes cell wall rigidity by bet365 online casinoregulating the hydroxyproline modification level of HRGPs on the cell wall，Thereby promoting cell expansion，Eventually leads to thickening of the stem (Figure 2)。

Picture 2PtoP4H9Participates in cell wall modification to change cell wall rigidity

Under research，The team identified a key gene that controls the dynamic growth of perennial stems，This provides new insights into the scientific understanding of the secrets of genetic regulation of the growth of perennial forest trees，Also design and breed high-quality molecules for fast-growing forest trees、Improving plantation productivity、Ensuring the strategic security of timber has opened up a new path。

Picture 3PtoP4H9Molecular mechanism regulating radial growth of Populus tomentosa

Professor Zhang Deqiang from the forest tree molecular breeding team of Beijing Agricultural College/Beijing Forestry University is the corresponding author of this article，Team postdoctoral fellow Xiao Liang、PhD candidate Fang Yuanyuan and postdoctoral fellow Zhang He from School of Modern Agriculture, Peking University are the co-first authors of the paper。Associate Professor Quan Mingyang of Beijing Forestry University、Associate Professor Ji Li、Professor Du Qingzhang participated in this research work。Professor Pär K Ingvarsson, Swedish Agricultural University、Professor Harry Wu and Yousry A from UBC. Professor El-Kassaby provided guidance on this work。This work has been supported by the National Key Research and Development Program、National Natural Science Foundation of China、Funded by Zhejiang Provincial Department bet365 online sports bettingof Science and Technology Key R&D Plan and 111 Talent Introduction Plan and other projects。

Paper link:https://academic.oup.com/plcell/advance-article/doi/10.1093/plcell/koad212/7233857.