In recent years，Beijing agriculture as the capital economy、Society、An important part of the ecosystem，Relying on Capital Technology、Funds、Talent advantages，Expand new functions，Realize new value，Remarkable achievements。Beijing’s urban modern agriculture has become a highlight in the development of my country’s agricultural economy。
20century80To90Although the “Vegetable Basket Project” of the 1990s has made great progress in suburban agriculture in Beijing，But with the changes in industrial structure and market demand，Beijing’s suburban agriculture can no longer meet the needs of the development of an international metropolis。1996years later，Beijing’s agriculture is gradually shifting to “urban agriculture” that is suitable for the nature and functions of the city；2005Beginning of the year，Beijing officially proposes “building urban modern agriculture”。Beijing’s urban modern agriculture is based on the capital’s development positioning and needs，Use modern means，Building financial productivity、Lifestyle、Ecological in one，High-end、Efficient、High radiation is the main sign，Complete with the basics、High-end industry、High-end industry、Complete service、Modern equipment、A modern agricultural system with top-notch talents as the main criterion。
Urban modern agriculture is a new agricultural development model，It is a kind of urban-rural integration，From primary production to second production、Compound industry with penetration of three industries。Research shows，When the proportion of agricultural output in gross domestic product in developed areas drops to5%To10%hour，一、二、Gradual integration of the three industries。In recent years, Beijing’s agriculture has accounted for an insufficient share of regional GDP1%，So follow the trend，Develop with all your strength 1、二、Urban modern agriculture integrating three industries。In production，Urban modern agriculture extends primary product production to processing、Manufacturing；In the field of circulation，Expand to marketing、Delivery，Until the table；In the spiritual realm，Providing education to residents、Culture、Experience、Leisure and other physical and mental health services。
Beijing’s urban modern agriculture that carries the diversified mission of serving the capital，We have only focused on production functions in the past，Continue to live a life of agriculture、Ecology、Expansion of cultural and other functions，The agricultural industry chain extends to the modern service industry。Traditional agriculture has undergone a major transformation today: products have become gifts、Production to service、Agricultural Scenic Spot；Agriculture is based on one industry，Use modern service industry methods to express it。Urban modern agriculture fully demonstrates people’s philosophical thinking、Humanistic understanding、bet365 online sports bettingArtistic imagination、Scientific insights and support from the capital’s science and technology。
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One，High-efficiency agriculture is the leading industry for farmers in the suburbs of Beijing to increase their income and become rich。First, facility agriculture has developed rapidly: as of now2010At the end of the year, the area of facility agriculture3010,000 acres，Yidaxing、Fangshan、Shunyi、The facility agricultural production base mainly in Tongzhou and Pinggu has effectively guaranteed the supply of the capital’s “vegetable basket” market；Second, the flower industry has outstanding benefits: hosting the first7The China Flower Expo took the opportunity to develop the flower industry rapidly，The planting area has reached6.710,000 acres, output value12.3100 million yuan；The third is the continuous renewal of the forest and fruit industry: the formation of Mentougou cherry、Changping Strawberry、Pinggu Datao and other large-scale areas are gradually expanding。
Part 2，High-end seed agriculture、Efficient、Characterized by high radiation，Is the dominant industry of Beijing’s urban modern agriculture。Beijing introduces approximately the largest number of new crop varieties in the country every year20%, the preservation of national germplasm resources has reached3910,000 copies，Ranked second in the world。Seed agriculture saves land resources to the greatest extent，The seeds cultivated by farmers are sold by the grain，The profit can be as much as one acre6Ten thousand yuan.2010, the sales volume of Beijing’s seed industry reached61.81Billion yuan.
Part 3，Processing agriculture is an "aircraft carrier" industry that drives full employment for farmers in the suburbs of Beijing。Processing agriculture is one industry to two industries、An important way to extend the three industries，Is the inherent need to increase the added value of agricultural and sideline products。2010At the end of the year, the total output value of Beijing’s agricultural product processing industry reached618Billion yuan. At present, Beijing suburbs have been established15complete infrastructure、Many preferential policies、A one-stop service agricultural product processing demonstration base，42These key small towns have become important gathering areas for the agricultural product processing industry，Effectively promotes the simultaneous development of agricultural modernization, industrialization and urbanization。
Fourth，Cooperative agriculture has become a space for expansion of development、“Overseas agriculture” to improve risk response capabilities。The first is Beijing-Chengdu cooperative agriculture and other models，Make full use of land in other places、Labor and policy advantages，Establish a raw material production base and processing base，Expanding the agricultural development space in Beijing。The second is covered70%Beijing Farmers Specialized Cooperative in Agriculture，Enhanced the organization of agricultural production，Improved agriculture’s ability to cope with market risks。
Agriculture expands ecological functions，Adjust the environment，Becoming a green infrastructure for sustainable development in the capital
2008, Beijing’s economic aggregate exceeded1Trillion mark，Behind the rapid growth is the strong ecological services of Beijing’s bet365 online sports betting appagriculture as support。The ecological service value of Beijing’s agriculture, forestry and water resources is approximately1Trillion yuan，Reflected in water conservation、Soil Protection、Purify the air、Prevent noise、Effective carbon sequestration by plants and soil、Effective recycling of energy and resources、Protecting biodiversity and many other aspects。The ecological services of agriculture, forestry and water create man and nature、Harmonious ecological environment between cities and suburbs，Satisfying urbanites’ quality of life、Focus on environmental awareness and the need to return to nature。
One，Circular agriculture is the only way for the sustainable development of urban modern agriculture in Beijing。Biogas power generation、Underforest Economy、Circular economic models such as ecological farms，Reduced agricultural resources、Reuse、Recycle，In support of energy conservation and emission reduction in the capital、While strengthening the ecological foundation of a livable city in the capital，Greatly improved agricultural production efficiency。
Part 2，Landscape agriculture is a green space for urban and rural residents in the capital。It has both economic value、Ecological value and aesthetic value，It is to beautify the countryside、Enrich the industry、An important industry for wealthy farmers。Greening along the Beijing-Chengdu Expressway Urban Modern Agriculture Corridor
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, build a landscape ecological protection system and realize road greening18.9Comprehensive management, greening and beautification of 10,000 acres of exposed farmland and abandoned land8773acres, landscape aesthetics and ecological functions are increasingly emerging.
Agriculture expands life functions，Provide leisure、Picking、Visiting places，Extend to the modern tourism service industry and improve the happy life index
One，Leisure agriculture creates a back garden for the lives of urban and rural residents in the capital。It is based on agriculture，Relying on the rural ecological environment、Pastoral Landscape、Agricultural production facilities、Farming and folk culture、Farm life and other rich resources，Provide leisure for society、Vacation、Experience、Entertainment、Fitness、Education and other services，While improving the artistic conception and quality of leisure life, it also improves agricultural efficiency。Currently a farmhouse has been formed、Leisure Farm、Agricultural Science and Technology Park、Sightseeing Picking Garden、Agricultural Sightseeing Park、Folk Village and many other types。
Part 2，Creative agriculture is the cultural agriculture of Beijing’s urban modern agriculture。It effectively integrates technology and humanistic elements into agricultural production，The process of agricultural production and management、Form、Tools、Method、Product creativity and design。2009, Beijing’s creative agricultural park began to take shape113A creative agricultural festival with certain influence60Multiple。Miyun “Zihai Xiangdi Art Manor”，Smell the scent and recognize the color，With the endless vanilla fields、Quiet Tang River、A trip to the dense Jinshan Forest，Create “Provence at the foot of the Great Wall”；Miaofeng Mountain Rose Valley，People practice yoga among the roses blooming bet365 online casinoin the wind、The wedding was held under the witness of thousands of roses、Experience a flower farmer in a thousand acres of rose garden...
Agricultural demonstration function promotes the deepening development of urban modern agriculture
One，Exhibition agriculture is an important carrier for the development of urban modern agriculture in Beijing。It starts with conference、Exhibition、Exhibition and Sales、Festival activities are the main form，High degree of industrial integration。2012Year, No.7The World Strawberry Congress will be held in Changping District, Beijing,2014Year75The World Seed Conference will be held in Fengtai, Beijing，Exhibition agriculture will drive urban modern agriculture to develop further。
Part 2，Technological agriculture is the high-end form of modern agricultural development。Technological agriculture is the lasting driving force for Beijing’s leading role in urban modern agricultural science and technology。A group of forward-looking agricultural science and technology industrial parks such as Xiaotangshan Agricultural Park、Shunyi “Three Highs” Agricultural Demonstration Zone、Chaoyang Crab Island Group, etc.，Become a demonstration window for modern agriculture；The Mentougou “Sino-Finnish Ecological Valley” project is about to start construction，Adopt the world's advanced ecological development concept，will become the carrier and incubator of Beijing’s future ecological industry。
Under the guidance of industrial integration theory，Based on regional characteristics，Beijing has formed a five-circle layout of urban modern agriculture with capital characteristics: the urban area and some suburbs form an urban development circle，Focus on the development of landscape agriculture and exhibition agriculture；The suburban agricultural development circle consists of the urban and rural areas within the Sixth Ring Road，Focus on developing agriculture in the park、Experience agriculture、Popular science agriculture and quality agriculture；The plain agricultural development circle consists of suburban plain areas and shallow mountainous areas，Focus on large-scale development、Specialization、Regionalization、Standardized bulk agricultural product production and processing agriculture；By North、The western and southwestern mountainous areas form a mountainous ecological conservation development circle，Focus on the development of unique and characteristic agricultural products、Mountain Folk Tourism、Specialized agriculture with eco-tourism as the main content、Ecological agriculture and leisure agriculture。
Relying on the ever-changing requirements of Beijing, a modern international metropolis，Serving near2000The increasingly diverse consumer demands of millions of capital citizens，Building a world city with Chinese characteristics，“Humanities Beijing、Science and Technology Beijing、Green Beijing" and the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period took the lead in forming a new pattern and new development stage for the integration of urban and rural economic and social development，Beijing’s urban modern agriculture is expanding into wider areas: constantly finding its own position，From "Based on Beijing、Serving the whole country” was upgraded to “Based in Beijing、Service nationwide、Facing the world”，Emphasis on urban modern agriculture as a characteristic industry bet365 online casinoof world cities with Chinese characteristics，As Beijing’s unique green infrastructure, it is an important ecological foundation for a livable city，Is the emergency life guarantee for urban operation and agricultural product supply。In this context，Urban modern agriculture expands into wider areas、Deeper upgrade，While providing strong support for the economic and social development of the capital，Promote rural employment、Agricultural efficiency improvement、Increase farmers’ income。
(Author: Director of the Institute of Urban Agriculture, Beijing Agricultural College)
Editor: Du Meiping
