Junior high school students are sowing lettuce in the laboratory of Beijing Agricultural College。C02-C03 version picture/photo provided by the interviewee
Guo Honggang (first from left) tells students about pest hazards at the teaching practice base。
Read thousands of books，Traveling thousands of miles。This summer is the first summer after the implementation of the “Category B and B” measures for the COVID-19 epidemic。Many parents choose to take their children out of the house，Walking into the museum to see the exhibition、Enter colleges and universities to feel the university atmosphere、Participate in social practice activities such as research，Expand horizons、Grow knowledge。
In the opinion of Liu Ling, a teaching researcher of comprehensive practical activities at the Beijing Institute of Educational Sciences，Let children enter society、It is very necessary to enter wider places，Students’ learning styles are different。"Study at school，It is more about using classified knowledge as a carrier to enhance students’ wisdom，Knowledge is a given、Externalized and basically independent from the students’ real life。But walk into the museum、Places such as science and technology museum，Participate in social practice activities，This kind of personal experience is very important for students，It allows them to enter real social situations，Experience in it，Understand the society、Observe society，Learn through ‘practice’，It is also a necessary process for students to grow。”
Link resources guide primary and middle school students into the social classroom
This summer vacation，Many colleges and universities open their arms to the society，Peking University、Tsinghua University、Wuhan University and many other universities across the country open campus reservations，Primary and middle school students enter the university，Visit on campus、Gain new experiences in research activities。
Recently，In order to further promote science education in primary and secondary schools，Support and serve primary and secondary school students to have a meaningful summer vacation，Relevant person in charge of the Off-campus Education and Training Supervision Department of the Ministry of Education revealed，This summer，The Ministry of Education will also guide primary and secondary school students into university laboratories through multiple channels，Through popular science lectures、Lab visit、Understand the experimental process、Experience experimental operations and other forms，Lead students to experience the power and charm of my country’s scientific and technological innovation，Bringing children closer to scientists，Inspire teenagers’ curiosity、Imagination and desire to explore，Cultivation of scientific spirit among young people、Innovative thinking and practical ability，Have a meaningful summer vacation。It is reported，The Ministry of Education has selected more than 100 universities for the first batch of summer open laboratories (the list will be announced later)，Match laboratory science resources with students’ research needs，The laboratories selected for visiting are open to primary and secondary school students，And do a good job in organizational publicity，Guide primary and secondary school students to visit nearby areas as individuals or as a family。
Meanwhile，Education authorities、Universities are also uniting，Use university resources to stimulate scientific interest among primary and secondary school students。
Reporter learned，Beijing Changping District Science and Technology Association and Changping District Education Committee jointly implement the "Tomorrow's Little Scientists" program，Invite universities to cooperate in establishing a training base，Targeting primary and secondary school students in Changping District，With the help of university science and technology resources，Smooth connection channel，Inspire young people’s passion for innovation。As the only agriculture and forestry undergraduate college in Beijing，Beijing Agricultural College based on its own advantages and characteristics，Actively open various types of agricultural labor education to primary and secondary schools、Popular science education resources and courses，Inspire young people’s scientific creativity。
During summer vacation，Go to the museum、“Checking in” at libraries and other places has also become a trend。
July，More than a hundred primary school students who participated in the 20th Beijing News Little Reporter Activity entered the China Millennium Monument、Worker Daily Printing Factory、China Braille Library、Chaoyang Court and other places，Watch the exhibition、Experience the newspaper printing process、Learn about visually impaired culture and more。
Liu Ling said，Similar bet365 best casino gamesto a museum，Indoor spaces with fixed exhibitions are also a public education resource，There are many ways to use it，But she also emphasized，Public education resources are limited，This kind of learning actually has threshold requirements，"The significance of "checking in" for children is very limited。”
She used visiting a museum as an example，“Visiting and studying in a museum actually requires a certain knowledge base and preliminary interest in the collection，This is how you can understand a painting、The historical and cultural value of a work of art。Simply taking photos and checking in, having some knowledge and even seeing cultural relics with questions，The gains of the two are definitely different。”
Experts recommend connecting venue resources with students’ interests
Society、University venues are rich in resources，How to make good use of different resources so that children can really gain something？
This summer vacation，Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics opens the Beijing Aerospace Museum and School History Museum on campus，Currently we have received 58 teams of primary and secondary school students、Nearly 4,000 people visited and studied。40 college students from Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics turned into volunteer commentators，Provide explanation services for primary and secondary school students who come to Beijing Aerospace Museum and School History Museum，Guide them to understand the spiritual symbols of Beihang，Rooted in the aerospace spirit、Patriotic feelings。
In addition to relying on external forces，Parents’ help is also indispensable。In Liu Ling’s opinion，Social practice learning also has rules to follow，Parents or organizers must grasp the uniqueness of the museum，Before leading students into the venue，Use the Internet and other methods to query information，Match students with appropriate resources，"For example，If you like astronomy knowledge, you can go to the Beijing Planetarium。What is the structure of a meteorite，How is it different from the rocks on our earth？Students enter the venue with questions，Seeking answers during the visit。”
Liu Ling said，Participating in social practice activities is not just about gaining knowledge，But to leave a "question" in the students' minds，“Guide children to continue to think deeply about a topic，The science education that the country now strongly encourages also places great emphasis on inquiry practice。”
Also，From the perspective of social resource integration，Liu Ling suggested that there should be a good connection between venue resources and students’ interests。For example, led by the government，Establish a certain coordination mechanism，Integrate resources，Provided to schools、Students and Parents，Develop a series of social practice courses and course bases，Provide a platform for students’ social practice。
Reporter noticed，The Beijing Municipal Education Commission issued a document in 2011，We must promote the opening of more social resources, especially public welfare cultural facilities and patriotic education bases, to primary and secondary school students for free or at a discount，Continuously enrich the content and methods of social resource service education；Promote primary and secondary school students to organize through school collectives、Community Group、Parent leadership、Actively enter the social classroom in various ways such as personal autonomy，Institutionalization of social practice for primary and secondary school students。The Ministry of Education's "Compulsory Education Curriculum Standards" (2022 Edition) also places special emphasis on schools coordinating interdisciplinary theme learning and comprehensive practical activities、Practical education, etc.。
Beijing Agricultural College
Associate Professor leads the team、Beijing middle school students enter university laboratories to explore the mysteries of agricultural science
"The warm spring breeze fills Changshan，Peony, gastrodia and peony；Yuanzhi went to find the gentleman，Why should Angelica look for Zelan..." For some children in Changping No. 2 Middle School in Beijing，This summer vacation is a bit special，As a beginner、They are high school students，Have the opportunity to enter the university campus，Under the guidance of young researchers in key laboratories，Explore the mysteries of agricultural science up close。
The children were divided into four groups，Led and guided by four associate professors，Will complete a research project during the summer vacation。The topics are: Mechanism of specialization of melon-type cotton aphid and cotton-type cotton aphid、Development of wearable disinfection equipment for animals、The effect of high temperature on the germination of different varieties of lettuce、Study on the Effect of Spraying Photosynthetic Fertilizer on the Strengthening of Pepper Seedlings。
Changping District Science and Technology Association and Changping District Education Committee jointly implement the "Tomorrow's Little Scientists" program，Invite universities to cooperate in establishing a training base，With the help of university science and technology resources，Inspire young people’s passion for innovation。Beijing Agricultural College is one of the "Tomorrow's Little Scientists" training bases awarded by the program。
Beijing Agricultural College based on its own advantages and characteristics，Actively open various types of agricultural labor education to primary and secondary schools、Popular science education resources and courses，Inheriting farming civilization，Inspire young people’s scientific creativity。
bet365 best casino games1 Young scientific researchers lead exchange and training
“Many families in Beijing are raising cats and dogs，There are still some stray animals in many schools and communities，From a public health perspective，Combined with my profession of veterinary medicine，Hope to lead children to develop wearable disinfection equipment for small animals - with antibacterial properties、Antivirus、Anti-parasite and tracking collar。" said Liu Xiaoye, associate professor of the Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Beijing Agricultural University。
She explained，The specialty of Beijing Agricultural College’s veterinary medicine major is the development of Chinese veterinary medicine，That is, using natural ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine to develop veterinary drugs。Also，She wants a locator inside the collar，“Can carry out real-time detection and tracking of stray animals，Perform refined management。”
Under the guidance of Liu Xiaoye，The team has formed a preliminary research plan，After one training，Team members are busy entering the offline implementation phase。This topic contains 4 tasks: Query Pharmacopoeia，Screen out antibacterial、Antivirus、Effective antiparasitic traditional Chinese medicine and active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine；Pharmaceutical dosage form design、Designed with a combination of medicine and traditional Chinese medicine collar；Appearance design and functional design of traditional Chinese medicine collar；Research on the Function of Disinfection Traditional Chinese Medicine Collar。
Except Liu Xiaoye and the first-year students of Changping No. 2 Middle School，Participants in this project also include some graduate students、Undergraduate student，They each have different divisions of labor，Collaborate with each other in all aspects。
Currently，Junior high school students are in the collar design stage，They want to design the structure of the traditional Chinese medicine collar based on the research results、Appearance and functionality。This week，They are about to enter a critical link - follow Liu Xiaoye into the laboratory，Conduct drug screening experiments and drug efficacy evaluation experiments，Garlic、Dandelion、Sophora flavescens、Poptis chinensis、Rhubarb...according to different traditional Chinese medicine properties、Chemical composition，And the process of making traditional Chinese medicine collar，Preparation of stable pharmaceutical formulations。
Continue，They want to simulate the experiment，Design suitable Chinese medicine collar materials，“The material of the collar is very particular，Cannot stick to hair，Also needs to be malleable，Easy to adjust to the neck shape and size of each small animal。" Liu Xiaoye said。According to plan，The in-collar locator will be completed in early August，The finished product collar will be tested at the end of August，Complete user experience evaluation and follow-up visit at the end of September。There will be patent applications in the future、Publishing research articles and other work。
Another leading teacher、Associate professor Liu Chaojie of the School of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing Agricultural University, took the first-grade children to do the topic，The effect of high temperature on the germination of different varieties of lettuce。“Seedlings often encounter high temperatures in summer，The germination rate of lettuce is relatively low under high temperatures。We want to screen some varieties suitable for planting under high temperature conditions，Better meet the needs of seasonal vegetable planting in Beijing。”
“Children may know what conditions are needed for seed germination in elementary school，But，What are the specific effects of different conditions on germination，They may not have thought about it in depth。So we designed a small experiment to address this problem。"Reporter learned，The overall plan is personally controlled by Liu Chaojie，“It is necessary to combine the knowledge reserve and acceptance of children of this age，Do not design overly complex physiological and biochemical experiments，To avoid difficulties for students to understand。”
2 Open key laboratories to primary and secondary school students
“So many aphids！”“Aphids on cotton leaves refuse to eat watermelon leaves，Aphids on watermelon leaves would rather starve to death than eat cotton leaves，Really？Why is this？”Children from another group came to Beijing Agricultural College for the first time，Did not enter the laboratory directly，Instead, he was brought to the teaching practice base for observation by Guo Honggang, associate professor of the School of Biology and Resource Environment of Beijing Agricultural University，The natural ecology here is an eye-opener for children。
“The base visually demonstrates the damage caused by melon-type cotton aphid in the field、Hazardous Characteristics，And the extent of the damage caused。"Introduced by Guo Honggang，This base is for school and college construction，A place for teaching practice。“We want to study pests，So I planted my own land，Deliberately not using any pest control measures，Let crops grow naturally，There will be all kinds of bugs inside。To study the difference between melon-type cotton aphid and cotton-type cotton aphid，We specially planted a piece of watermelon，bet365 best casino gamesThe density of bugs here is relatively high，Watermelon growth is also relatively poor。”
The "confused behavior" of the two aphids in the children's mouth is the subject of their research this time - the formation mechanism of host specialization of melon-type cotton aphid and cotton-type cotton aphid，The research focuses on pest control，Guo Honggang explains，Study clearly the influencing factors and mechanisms behind it，Can be based on the common points or differences between the two aphids，To design targets in a targeted manner，Promote green control of cotton aphids and green planting of crops。
Their first job is to complete the transfer experiment between two kinds of aphids。Next，To explore the reasons why aphids “would rather starve to death than eat”，Children first extracted aphid DNA，Distinguishing two specialized cotton aphids through mitochondrial gene comparison，Then pass the melon shape、Cotton-type cotton aphids exchange hosts respectively，Observe after host conversion，melon shape、The growth and development of cotton-type cotton aphid。
The experimental operation of DNA extraction is not difficult for the students。Introduced by Guo Honggang，In fact, children have already learned relevant basic knowledge in biology class，Have a certain knowledge reserve，This time we enter the laboratory for hands-on operation，Before the experiment，The teacher explained the extraction principle in detail、Standardization process、Instrument use，And precautions, etc.，Students try to extract under the guidance of teachers and graduate students。"After this series of operations，Children are basically more proficient，The overall progress is relatively smooth。”
These are conducted in the "North China State Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs" of Beijing Agricultural College。Fluorescence inverted microscope、Quantitative PCR instrument、High-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC)...these are some high-precision instruments that may be used during the experiment。These expensive instruments give children a full experience，Guo Honggang led the children to experience and teach the uses and principles of the instruments one by one。
“The biggest difference between university campuses and primary and secondary school campuses，Not in the classroom、dormitory，There are more in the laboratory，These laboratories are the ‘cradle’ of scientific research。" Liu Chaojie said。He took the team members to visit the school’s vegetables、Fruit tree、Flowers and other laboratories，Understand the research direction of each laboratory。
Wearable disinfection equipment project led by Liu Xiaoye，relies on the Beijing Key Laboratory of Veterinary Medicine (Traditional Chinese Medicine) to carry out research。This is the first provincial and municipal key laboratory in China that mainly conducts research on traditional Chinese and veterinary medicine，The total value of existing instruments and equipment is more than 10 million yuan，Including NMR instrument、Chip spotter、Laser Doppler blood flow meter、Magnetic Bead Sorting and Purification Instrument、Thin layer chromatograph、Drug extraction and concentration equipment、Traditional Chinese medicine preparation equipment and a large number of professional scientific research instruments。
3 Organic integration of agricultural education and scientific research
“Let children know what agriculture is、What is agriculture doing？Agriculture can be an abstract scientific research，It can also be a matter of hard work in actual production。" Guo Honggang said。
He brought the children to the practice base，Experience the state of completely natural growth of crops without any green prevention and control conditions，"This combines our topics，Also combined with the needs of teaching，Integrate agricultural education and scientific research。”
“Scientific research comes from production，It must be higher than production，Back to production。" Guo Honggang said，Take the children to the practice base first，Back to the laboratory，In fact, I hope to make them feel it，How to turn problems in the fields into scientific research topics，Then how the results of scientific research feed back into field production。“When I led the children to design a project plan，I also hope to complete such a closed loop。”
“For children in today’s cities，Agriculture may be far away。actually，Agriculture in Changping、They are all very important in Beijing。" Liu Chaojie told reporters。He is in the process of leading the team，Trying to get kids to know as much as possible、Experience agriculture，Let them have a basic understanding of agriculture、Correct understanding。"These experiences and attempts，It may affect their future career choices。”
At the same time，Liu Chaojie is very concerned about the cultivation of scientific thinking in children。"How to evaluate the quality of seed germination？Good and Bad，These are very subjective evaluations，Science requires data support - such as germination rate、Bacon length、Growth，At the same time，These indicators need to be obtained using scientific measurement methods。”
Liu Xiaoye also emphasized bet365 online sports betting appthe key role of experimental data in the project。“We selected some parts from the Veterinary Pharmacopoeia for experiments，Testing which medicine works，What dose is needed to produce good results？The effectiveness of drugs must be based on data，For example，What is the antibacterial rate、What is the insect resistance rate，To conduct drug efficacy and dose relationship curve experiments。”
Therefore，Liu Xiaoye when designing the project plan，Leave a lot of room for operation for first-year junior high school students。“If you design them well from beginning to end，It also loses the meaning of scientific verification，It also violates the original intention of scientific research。Children’s scientific thinking is developed in this process。”
“We have a saying called ‘One world one health’，Animal health and human health are closely related，We hope to proceed from a public welfare perspective as much as possible，Let children deepen their understanding of public health conditions。At the same time，Let them have a deeper understanding of the veterinary profession。”
actually，These topics are not far away from junior high school students，But it is closely related to every subject they study daily。"If children want to use good medicine in the future，Be sure to learn chemistry well，Otherwise, we don’t know what reaction the two compounds will have；We must learn mathematics well，Otherwise, we can’t even calculate the drug concentration；Also，Need to treat small animals，You must know the knowledge of biology；Final report writing，You need to have Chinese language skills、Writing ability..." Liu Xiaoye said，I hope the children will finish the project，Back to class，It is very useful to understand the knowledge in textbooks。
Introduced by Sun Xi, deputy dean of the School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship of Beijing Agricultural University，Beijing Agricultural College makes full use of disciplines、Professional advantages，Join hands with Beijing Agricultural College Science and Technology Association，Organize teachers，Open Lab，Provide venue，Opening courses，Carry out labor education for primary and secondary schools、Popular Science Course，Has served more than 50,000 people。The school has successively become the primary and secondary labor education base of the Beijing Municipal Education Commission’s “Three Rural Affairs and One Industry” program、"Beijing Junior High School Open Scientific Practice Activities" resource unit、Changping District Social Classroom Resource Unit、Haidian District Labor Education Base, etc.。
http://epaper.bjnews.com.cn/html/2023-07/25/content_833676.htm
